Cast-iron blast-heater.



K. MEIER. CAST IRON BLAST HEATER. APPLICATION FILED JAN. 4, 1912.

Patented Dec. 17, 1912 2 SHEET5-SHEET 1.

. Ira Emmi? Jibizrad Wafer ATTORNEYS K. MEIER.

CAST IRON BLAST HEATER APPLIGATION FILED JAN.4,1912.

Patented ue0. 17, 1912 2 SHEETSSHEBT Z.

WITNESSES 51 6. mm/roe w M rjll ad %z6/' r By ,7 AITORNEYS water orother heatlng medlum, and its obsistance to the flow of air and reducethe heating chambers, the said air passages be- Fig. 3 is a sideelevation of the same; Fig.

' blast'heater; and Fig. 6 is a side elevation earners.

the city of New York cleaning.

shaped to form passages between them for CAST-IRON BLAST-HEATER.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, KONnAo MEIER, a citizen of the United States, and aresident of borough of Manhattan, in the county and State of New York,have invented a new and Improved Cast- Iron Blast-Heater, of which thefollowing is a full, clear, and exact description.

The invention relates to heating apparatus for heating air by the use ofsteam, hot

ject isto provide a new and improved cast iron blast heater, arranged toprovide a large heating capacity for the air in a comparatively smallspace, to permit increased velocity of the air and to minimize therepower required for forcing or drawing the air through the heater, andto avoid dead air spaces and thereby make the heater self- For thepurpose mentioned. use is made of heating chambers or sections for thepassage of the heating medium having the shape of an elongated ovoid incross section with short pointed head and fine elongated tail; theheating chambers being spaced apart and the passage of the air to beheated by contact with the exterior surfaces of the said ing alternatelycontracted and expanded at a right angle to the direction of the flow ofthe air through the said air passages. 1 A practical embodiment of theinvention is represented in the accompanying drawings forming a part ofthis specification, in which similar characters of referenceindicatecorresponding parts in all the views. Figure 1 is a side elevation ofthe cast iron blast heater installed in connection with or as a part ofa heating and ventilating apparatus; Fig. 2 is an enlarged cross sectionof a heating chamber coupled to an-' other heating chamber shown inelevation, the section being on the line 2-2 of Fig. 3;

4 is a sectional plan view of the same on the line 4% of Fig. 1; Fig. 5IS a sectional plan now of a modified form of the cast 1IOI1 of part ofone of the chambers shown in the modified form illustrated in Fig.

The cast iron blast heater A, as shown in Fig. l. is arranged within orforms part of a duct B provided at its inlet end with ad- Specificationof Letters Patent.

Application filed January 4,

Patented Dec. 17, 1912. 1912. Serial No. 669,314.

mission valves or regulating dampers C for controlling the inflow of theair to be heated, and the discharge end of the duct B connects with afan or a blower D for producmg a suction action in the duct B and theheater A: and forforcing the heated air into a 'manifold E from whichlead branch pipes E to the rooms F to be heated. 5

The cast iron blast heater A is formed of heating chambers or sectionsG, the interior cross section of each chamber or section be. ing in theform of an elongated ovoid, and the exterior cross section of eachchamber or section being in the form of an elongated ovoid having ashort pointed head and a fine WENT OFFICE.

elongated tail, the heating chambers or sections being fastened togetherin spaced relation in transverse rows and these rows being placed adacent one another in parallelism so that the heads of one row liebetween the tails of the adjacent row and the longitudinal rows formedare staggered and the chambers or sections of alternate transverse rowsare alined. The heads of the chambers or sections are directed againstthe stream of air, passing through the heater in the direction of thearrow a. chambers or sections G in a transverse row are connected witheach other by nipples I, and one outermost section is'connected with apipe J connected with a boileror other source of steam, hot water orother heating medium.v The other outermost section of a row is normallyclosed by a plug. The lower ends of the heating chambers G in a trans-'verse row are connected with each other by nipples K, and'one outersection is connected with a pipe L for carrying Ifl the water ofcondensation or returning fluid to a suit- The upper ends of the v ableplace of discharge. The section at the: I

other end of a transverse row is normally closed by a plug. Thus by thearrangement described steam or hot water or other suitable heatingmedium is passed through the heating chambers G, so as to heat the sameand thus heat the air passing through'the passages H by contact with theexterior surfaces of the heating chambers.

gThe heating chambers G are arranged in such a manner that the air passaes H between the longitudinal rows of heating chambers are undulating asshown, and the heating chambers in adjacent rows are staggored, and theforward end G of a heating chamber G in one row extends between oppositeheating chambers of the next flanking row in front and behind, as willbe readily By reference to these figures it will also be noticed thatthe air passages are alternately gradually contracted at H and graduallyexpanded at H in the direction of the width of the air passages, thatis, at a right angle to the low of the air through the air passages. Itwill further be noticed that the curves on which the area for the airpassages H is contracted are shorter than those on which they areexpanded thereby forming easier deflection of the air current at thepoint where the momentum of the air is highest. It will be noticed thatthe sections are so arranged that a short curve on one section confrontsor is opposite to a long curve on the adjacent section, and hence thepassa e contracts or expands due to the dif:

i ference in the rate of curvature of the confronting walls of thepassage.

It is expressly understood that the peculiar curvature given to the airpassage as shown and described, is designed to convert the static headof the air into the dynamic head and r econvert the dynamic head intothe static head and thereby minimize the repeated losses of headincidental to concentrations and enlargements of area. Owing to theparticular design of the air passages the free area of the air passagescan be materially reduced without appreciable reduction of the airvolume and close and steady contact of the air with the exteriorsurfaces of the heating chambers is secured at the highcst speedobtainable. v

The overlapping of the heating chambers or sections reduces the repeateddrop of speed between the several rows which causes most of the pressureloss; in other words, the high speed of air is kept up more continually,keeping up the heating efiiciency While reducing space, and at the sametime keeping down the resistance to the flow of air. It is furtherunderstood that by alternately gradually increasing and expanding theair passages the velocity of the air is gradually increased or decreasedthereby minimizing the resistance and reducing the power necessary toforce the air through the passages at the-same time pern'sitting theincreased velocity of air and producing high efficiency of the heatingsurface. By constructing the air heating chambers in the mannerdescribed sharp angles and dead air spaces are avoided and the formationof air eddies is prevented, at the same time the air is thoroughly splitup during its travel through the air passages so as to insure propercontact of the air with the external surface of the heating chambers.

In order to hold the heating chambers G of a row in proper alinementwith each other, the front ends G of the said chambers fit at theirupper and lower ends beas plainly indicated in Fig. 5.

tween lugs G3 arranged on the top and bottom flanges Gr and G of thenext-following heating chambers, as will be readily understood byreference to Figs. 3 and 4. The al- 1 t'ernate outermost heatingchambers G connect with each other by plates N, as plainly shown in Fig.4, so that it is not necessary to provide an extra shell for the heatingapparatus. In the modified form shown in Figs. 5 and 6 the heatinchambers G have their front and rear en s G and G extended in such amanner that the front end G of one heating chamber in a row is in closeroximity to the rear end G of the next following heating chamber, butthe passages H formed between adjacent rows arealternately graduallycontracted and gradually expanded in the same manner as above describedin reference to the heating chambers G shown in Fig. 4., The heatingchambers G are provided on their exterior surfaces withlongitudinally-extending spaced ribs Gr to increase the heating surfaceof the said heating chambers. By the arrangement described the plates Nabove mentioned and shown in Fig. 4. are not necessary, and theoutermost rows of heating chambers can be covered with a suitablecovering material 0,

It will be noticed that the heating cham ,bers are provided integrallywith top and bottom flanges or plates G, G tting one against the otherto form a smoo h top and bottom for the air passages H and at the sametimethe nipples or joints I and K are located above and below'thesaidtop and bottom plates, that is, outside of the air passages, andhence the joints do not form obstructions in the air passages and theheating chambers are easily joined together outside of the air passages.

Having thus described my invention, I claim as new and desire to secureby Letters Patent:

1. A cast iron blast heater, comprising radiating elements each havingan exterior cross section in the shape of a longitudinal section of anovoid provided with a pointed head having short curves and an elongatedtail having long curves, the radiating elements being arranged intransverse rows, and the said radiating elements in each transverse rowbeing spaced apart, and the ra'diati'ngfelements of alternate transverserows being alined ina longitudinal direction to form longitudinal airpassages, the radiating elements in successive longitudinal rows beingstaggered and the said heads of the radiating elements in onetransverse'l25 row extending between the said tails of the radiatingelements of an adjacent row so that confronting walls of the airpassages have different rates of curvature and the areas of the airpassages vary accordingly.

2. A cast iron blast heater, comprising radiating elements having across section in the shape of the longitudinal section of an ovoidprovided with a short pointed head having short curves, and a fineelongated tail having long curves, the radiating elements being arrangedin spaced relation in transverse rows, the rows being spaced adjacentone-another, the radiating elements of alternate transverse rows beingalined in parallelism, and the heads of the radiating elements in onetransverse row extending between thetails of the radiating elements ofan adjacent row so that the confronting walls of the air passages formedhave different rates of curvature and the passages contract and expand.

3. A cast iron blast heater, comprising radiating elements each havingan exterior cross section in the shape of the longitudinal section of anovoid provided with a short pointed head lRIVIIIg SlIOI'lJ curves, and afine elongated tail having long curves, the radiating elements beingarranged in spaced relation in transverse rows and longitudinal rows toform longitudinal air passages, and the said radiating elements ofalternate transverse rows being alined and the longitudinal rows beingstaggered, the heads of the radiating elements in one transverse rowextending between the tails of the radiating elements of an adjacenttransverse row so that the confronting Wallsof the air pasrows to formlongitudinal airpass'ages, and

the said radiating elements of alternate transverse rows being alinedand the longitudinal rows being staggered, the heads of the radiatingelements in one transverse row extending between the tails of theradiating elements of an adjacent transverse row'wso that theconfronting walls of the air p'assages have diflerent ratesof curvatureand each air passage alternately contracts. and expands in the directionof the length of the air passage, and means connecting the outer- ;mostradiating elements with each other.

In testimony whereof I have signed my name to this specification in thepresence of two subscribing witnesses.

KONRAD MEIER.

Witnesses FRANK T. CHAPMAN, THEO. G. HOSTER.

